Endive simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Nutritional composition and yield of endive cultivars cichorium endivia l. Assessment of quality attributes of endive cichorium. Invitro adventitious root production of cichorium endivia l. Cichorium endivia endive pfaf plant database plants for a future. However, current thinking is that it is better to classify the cultivated taxa directly in cultivar groups and cultivars. This herbaceous perennial native to europe central russia. Transcription factor networks in leaves of cichorium endivia. Southern europe to india and eastern asia, introduced elsewhere.
The genus cichorium asteraceae is made up of six species with major geographical presence in europe and asia. Endive endive cichorium endivia is variation of chicory which can be cooked or used in salads. Endive thrives in cooler temperatures and requires ample moisture to stay healthy. It produces attractive pale blue flowers on stems that stand way above the leafy foliage. Endive definition of endive by the free dictionary. Plants free fulltext transcription factor networks in. Pdf healthy properties of endive cichorium endivia l. The plant is used as a resolvent and cooling medicine, and in the treatment of bilious complaints. The curly endive, also known as frisee cichorium endivia crispum is a curly, crisp, green leafy vegetable related to chicory. There are many varieties, but they can be split into two groups the curlyleaved. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding. Cichorium intybus chicory, radicchio, succory, witloof pfaf. Pdf this investigation was carried out on the curled endive cichorium.
Plants profile for cichorium endivia cultivated endive. The plant producing those flowers is cichorium intybus, or common chicory. Cichorium article about cichorium by the free dictionary. Cichorium endivia cicenoverview eppo global database.
Originally, these plants grew in the countries around the mediteranean. Cichorium definition is a genus of deeprooted biennial or perennial herbs family compositae having flowers bright blue or occasionally pink or white all ligulate and with flower heads solitary or in twos or threes. In addition to making a great salad green, the curly endive is a rich source of important nutrients, namely vitamins a, k, b5 and. The plants are either annual, or they live for two years. Although native to europe, it has naturalized over time throughout much of the u. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Media in category cichorium endiviathe following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. It has a similar but milder effect to chicory cichorium intybus and so is a very beneficial tonic to the liver and digestive system. The leaves were also found to posses higher values of free amino acids and water soluble protein content. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Cichorium endivia noun the noun cichorium endivia has 1 sense 1.
Endive cichorium endivia is a plants that have a bitter, buttery taste and are used in ornamental gardens and as salad greens. Cichorium endivia wikispecies, free species directory. Cichorium endivia is a species of flowering plant belonging to the genus cichorium, which is widely cultivated as one of the species of similar bitterleafed vegetables known as endive and escarole. The record derives from tica data supplied on 20120211 which reports it as an accepted name record 462853ff768f45e997cb72e4c7993aec with original publication details. Endive is part of the genus cichorium, made up of bitter leaf vegeta bles. The escarole or endive cichorium endivia is a popular leaf vegetable in the chicory family. Almost all tribes and nations have used medicinal plants in their history. Chicory sometimes called wild lettuce has tall, almost empty sticklike stalks with light bluish purple flowers with thin squaretipped petals.
The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by bees. Related plants artic ascolana atria batavian bellesque benefine bionda a cuore pieno broadleaved batavian bubikopf 2 catalogne emerald see all 70 nursery availability. It is in flower from july to october, and the seeds ripen from august to october. Cichorium intybus chicory, radicchio, succory, witloof. The three main types of endives seen in the culinary setting are.
Careful variety selection is important for hot weather plantings. Cichorium endivia endive world of flowering plants. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. The leaves vary in shape from pinnatifid to toothed. Cichorium intybus perennial old world herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible. Endive and escarole are hardy and can be planted as early as the soil can be worked. The paper entitled transcription factor networks in leaves of cichorium endivia. Chicory, cichorium intybus master gardener program. In addition to making a great salad green, the curly endive is a rich source of important nutrients, namely vitamins a, k, b5 and b9, copper, iron, manganese, potassium and zinc. Endive cichorium endivia endive flowers are edible. Cichorium intybus definition of cichorium intybus by the. When just starting as greens, the leaves look almost identical to dandelion, except maybe a red vein. The growth period of the plant is about 70100days and high sunlight stimulates the flowering.
Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Its many varieties form two groups, the curlyleaved, or narrowleaved, endive crispa, and the batavian. Both species have many cultivars that sometimes occur in the wild. Cichorium endivia noun the noun cichorium endivia has 1 sense. The salad green known as endive cichorium endivia linnaeus may sometimes be found as an escape from gardens or agricultural plantings. Cichorium esculentum salisb cichorium intybus divaricatum schousb. Jul 18, 2019 cichorium endivia at tropicos cichorium endivia at germplasm resources information network cichorium endivia in the plant list, a working list of all known plant species. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Endive, cichorium endivia, edible annual leafy plant of the family asteraceae, variously believed to have originated in egypt and indonesia and cultivated in europe since the 16th century.
Cichorium endivia is an annual or biennial, erect herb up to 5. The university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. Cichorium definition of cichorium by merriamwebster. Cichorium intybus article about cichorium intybus by the.
The inflorescences are heads borne in the axils of the leaves and on top of the stem and branches. Cichorium definition is a genus of deeprooted biennial or perennial herbs family compositae having flowers bright blue or occasionally pink or white all ligulate and with flower heads solitary or. The name chicory is also sometimes used for another related plant, c. Transcription factor networks in leaves of cichorium endivia mdpi. Cichorium intybus synonyms, cichorium intybus pronunciation, cichorium intybus translation, english dictionary definition of cichorium intybus. True endive cichorium endivia is a species grown and used as a salad green. Presl arcang cichorium minimum port cichorium nanum port. The roots were found to contain lower amounts of all. Cichorium endivia in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. You can grow them easily from seeds in welldrained soil, in a sunny place. Cichorium endivia is a biennial growing to 1 m 3ft 3in by 0. Cichorium intybus, commonly known as chicory or succory, is a taprooted perennial herb that typically grows to 24 tall. This site uses cookies to analyze traffic and for ads measurement purposes.
Up to now it has been common practice in taxonomic literature to distinguish two subspecies of cichorium endivia. Species include cichorium endivia also called endive, cichorium pumilum also called wild endive, and cichorium intybus also called common chicory. Cichorium endivia is a leafy crop closely related to lactuca sativa that comprises two major botanical varieties characterized by a high degree of intraspecific. It should be noted that the names of cultivated cichorium spp. Common chicory cichorium intybus is a bushy perennial herb with blue or. Cichorium endivia at tropicos cichorium endivia at germplasm resources information network cichorium endivia in the plant list, a working list of all known plant species. Media in category cichorium endivia the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Similar cultivars, protos and midori, were also included.
Endive, cichorium endivia, an annual esculent plant of the natural order compositae, commonly reputed to have been introduced into europe from the east indies, but, according to some authorities, more probably indigenous to egypt. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Cichorium definition of cichorium by medical dictionary. Cichorium chicory, a genus of perennial, biennial, or annual herbs of the family compositae. Common chicory includes types such as radicchio, puntarelle, and belgian. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions. The genus includes two cultivated species commonly known as chicory or endive, plus several wild species.